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CONSTELLATIONS

The arbitrary arrangement of stars in an area of the heavens (Heb. kĕsîlîm). In its singular form (“stupid” or “dull”) the term also refers to the constellation Orion (Job 9:9; 38:31; Amos 5:8; cf. Isa. 13:10). The identification of the Pleiades with Heb. kîmâ is also relatively certain (Job 9:9; 38:31; Amos 5:8). However, the identification of ʿāš (Job 9:9) or ʿayiš (38:32) is uncertain. It may refer to Arcturus, Ursa Major, or Hyades. Heb. mazzārôṯ is also a star or constellation whose identification is unknown (Job 38:32). According to Isaiah, the constellations and stars will not shine on the day of Yahweh (Isa. 13:10).

The priests of the mazzālôṯ, who were ejected from the temple by Josiah, may refer to priests of the constellations (2 Kgs. 23:5). However, mazzālôṯ can be taken, following Akk. manzaltu, as the signs of the zodiac.

William D. Matherly






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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