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JABBOK

(Heb. yabbōq)

Along with the Yarmuk (Šerīʿat el-Menādireh), Arnon (Wadi el-Môjib), and Zered (Wadi el-µesa), one of the four major rivers/wadi systems that drain the Transjordanian highlands. Today called Wadi Zerqa/Nahr es-Zerqa (“blue river”), this perennial stream rises from springs and streams in the drainage basin of Amman (ancient Rabbath-ammon/Philadelphia), “the city of waters” (2 Sam. 11:16-17; 12:27). The Jabbok flows ca. 60 km. (37 mi.) before it empties into the Jordan River, 24 km. (15 mi.) N of the Dead Sea; it is one of the two major tributaries of the Jordan, along with the Yarmuk.

The Jabbok is identified as a boundary between Ammon and Israel (e.g., Num. 21:24; Deut. 2:37), between the tribal territories of Reuben and Gad and Transjordanian Manasseh (e.g., Deut. 3:16), and between the kingdoms of Sihon and Og (e.g., Josh. 12:2). This river also divides Gilead into two halves (cf. Deut. 3:12, 16; Josh. 12:2-6), but is most famous as the place where Jacob wrestled with an angel at one of the stream’s fords (Gen. 32:22-32[MT 23-33]).

Gerald L. Mattingly







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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