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NIGHTHAWK

A small nocturnal bird related to the owl and the hawk (Heb. taḥmās); also known as the nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus) or “goatsucker.” Some 95 known species exist, including those which flourish in parts of Europe, Asia, and Palestine. At least one species, Caprimulgus nubicus, is found in North Africa, though only when migrating.

It is unlikely, however, that taḥmās designates the nighthawk since it is seldom found in the Middle East. Rather, a small predator owl is probably meant (cf. NJB, NIV “screech owl”; LXX Gk. glaúx). These small nocturnal birds feed on prey at night and roost in trees in daylight throughout the forests of Galilee. This bird was considered unclean and thus could not be eaten (Lev. 11:16; Deut. 14:15).

T. J. Jenney






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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