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BEELZEBUL

(Gk. Beelzeboúl)

The Greek rendering of Baal-zebul, corrupted into Baal-zebub in the OT. In the Synoptic Gospels Jesus is accused of performing exorcisms by the power of Beelzebul, “the ruler of the demons” (Matt. 12:24 = Mark 3:22 = Luke 11:15), and in Matt. 10:25 Jesus’ opponents identify him with Beelzebul. In the NT Beelzebul is equated with Satan, not only by implication through the title “ruler of the demons” but explicitly in Mark 3:23. Peggy L. Day explains the connection through a wordplay on bĕʿēl dîḇāḇāʾ (the Aramaic equivalent of baʿal zĕḇû, the corrupted form of baʿal zĕḇûl) and bĕʿel dĕḇāḇāʾ (Aram. “enemy”).

See Baal-zebub.

Bibliography. P. L. Day, An Adversary in Heaven: śāṭān in the Hebrew Bible. HSM 43 (Atlanta, 1988).

John L. McLaughlin







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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