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BACCHIDES

(Gk. Bakchidēs)

A Syrian official whom Demetrius I Soter sent to Jerusalem as general of an army in 162 b.c.e. He installed Alcimus as high priest, gave him control of Judea, and returned to the king, leaving behind a protective force. Bacchides returned to Jerusalem in 161/0 when he defeated and killed Judas Maccabeus. Subsequently unable to defeat Jonathan and Simon, he strengthened a number of fortresses and towns as a counter measure before leaving. He returned again in 158, but was still unable to defeat Jonathan, so he made peace (1 Macc. 7:8-20; 9:1-73; Josephus Ant. 12.10.1-3; 11.1-2; 13.1.1-6).

Bibliography. H. A. Kennedy, “The First Period: From Antiochus Epiphanes to the Capture of Jerusalem by Pompey,” in E. Schürer, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 b.c.–a.d. 135), rev. ed. (Edinburgh, 1973), 1:169, 173-76.

R. Glenn Wooden






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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