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BREASTPIECE

A 23 × 23 cm. (9 × 9 in.) square bag made of multicolored fabrics. To it were attached 12 stones, each engraved with the name of one of the 12 tribes. The breastpiece (Heb. ḥōšen) was connected to the high priest’s ephod (tunic) by golden rings attached to its corners. Cords of gold and blue were tied to the rings, and the other ends were attached near the waistband and shoulder straps (Exod. 28:15-28; 39:8-21).

The breastpiece (ḥōšen mišpāṭ, “breastpiece of judgment”) functioned as a container for the Urim and Thummim (Exod. 28:30; Lev. 8:8), identified the high priest as the intercessor for a united Israel, and served as a “memorial” or “reminder,” borne “over/upon the heart” (Exod. 28:29-30).

The term does not occur in the NT, and it should not be confused with the breastplate (Heb. śiryān), which was part of a soldier’s armor.

W. E. Nunnally






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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