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DENARIUS

(Gk. dēnárion)

A Roman silver coin weighing ca. 3.64 grams, approximately equal to a Greek drachma. A laborer would work all day for a denarius in Palestine during the time of Jesus (Matt. 20:2; cf. Tob. 5:15-16, where the angel Raphael agrees to work for Tobias for a drachma a day plus expenses and bonus). A hundred denarii were a significant but manageable debt (Matt. 18:28). Two hundred denarii would feed 5000 people for one meal (Mark 6:37 par. John 6:7), and a bottle of perfume could cost 300 denarii (Mark 14:5 = John 12:5). A quart of wheat, or three quarts of barley, might cost a denarius in wartime (Rev. 6:6). In Jesus’ parable the good Samaritan paid the innkeeper two denarii to care for the wounded traveler, expecting the money not to cover all the costs of the man’s recovery (Luke 10:35). It was a denarius that Jesus’ opponents brought him when he said, “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s” (Matt. 22:19 = Mark 12:15; Luke 20:24).

Carl Bridges







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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