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TOB

(Heb. tôḇ)

An Aramean city located in southern Hauran, perhaps capital of a larger region. In this area the elders of Gilead found Jephthah (Judg. 11:3, 5). Later, when the Ammonite king Haunan raised rebellion against David, Tob dispatched 12 thousand warriors to support Haunan (2 Sam. 10:6-8). In Hellenistic times Jews resettled the area, but their gentile neighbors attacked them, slaying thousands of Jews and taking captive their wives and children. The city was recaptured by Judas Maccabeus (1 Macc. 5:9-17).

Some scholars identify this city with t-b (no. 22) on Thutmose III’s list of captured cities, dubu in the Amarna Letters, and modern eṭ-Öayibeh (266218), located 19 km. (12 mi.) E of Ramoth-gilead, between Bozrah and Edrei.

Bibliography. B. Mazar, “The Tobiads,” IEJ 7 (1957): 137-45, 229-38.

Zeljko Gregor






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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