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GILBOA, MOUNT

(Heb. har haggilbōaʿ)

A large spur of Eocene and Cenomanian limestone that, along with the Hill of Moreh to the north, marks the separation between the Jezreel and Harod valleys. The location of Mt. Gilboa is fixed by Eusebius (Onom. 72.10), who writes that its name is preserved by the village Gelbus (Jelbun, 189207), 6 Roman mi. from Scythopolis (Beth-shan).

It is at the spring of Harod (Ein Jalud, 183217) at the foot of Gilboa that Gideon chooses 300 men to fight the Midianites (Judg. 7:1). Saul and his three sons meet their death on Mt. Gilboa (1 Sam. 28:4; 31:1-6). Ahab, king of Israel, appears to have established a winter capital at Jezreel (Zirin), a town at the westernmost tip of Mt. Gilboa (1 Kgs. 21:1).

Bibliography. T. Koizumi, “On the Battle of Gilboa,” Annual of the Japanese Biblical Institute 2 (1976): 61-78.

Brian P. Irwin






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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