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GIBEATH-ELOHIM

(Heb. giḇʿa hāʾĕlōhîm)

A place (“hill of God”) where Samuel promised Saul he would meet a band of prophets (1 Sam. 10:5). While clearly in the hill country of Benjamin, because of the similarity of other names (Geba, Gibeah, Gibeon; all from Heb. giḇʿâ, “hill,” the dominant topographical feature of Benjamin) the exact location of this site has seen vigorous debate. The problem is further complicated by English texts which usually translate the terms descriptively rather than as proper names. The mention of a Philistine garrison suggests that this hill was a well-known “high place” near Gibeah (cf. 1 Sam. 10:10). Gibeon has been suggested as an alternate site, but excavations there have yielded no archaeological evidence of Philistines.

Bibliography. Y. Aharoni, The Land of the Bible, 2nd ed. (Philadelphia, 1979); W. F. Albright, Excavations and Results at Tell el-Fûl (Gibeah of Saul). AASOR 4 (New Haven, 1924); A. Demsky, “Geba, Gibeah, and Gibeon: An Historico-Geographic Riddle,” BASOR 212 (1973): 26-31; J. M. Miller, “Geba/Gibeah of Benjamin,” VT 25 (1975): 145-66.

Dennis M. Swanson







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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