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ABIHU

(Heb. ʾăḇîhû})

An Israelite priest of the wilderness period. The Priestly genealogy lists Abihu, Nadab, Eleazar, and Ithamar as sons of Aaron, born to him by Elisheba (Exod. 6:23; Num. 26:60; 1 Chr. 6:3[MT 5:29]; cf. Exod. 28:1). Abihu and Nadab met their demise for offering Yahweh “strange fire” (Heb. ʾēš zārâ, a crux; Lev. 10:1-2). The P narrative here emphasizes the responsibility of the Aaronic priests and explains the dominance of the descendants of Eleazar, Abihu’s younger brother, in the Jerusalem cult (Num. 3:2, 4; 1 Chr. 24:1, 2). In contrast to P, the E strand celebrates the priestly heterogeneity that Nadab and Abihu represent with its story of their participation in the covenant ratification on Mt. Horeb (Exod. 24:1, 9).

Bibliography. J. C. H. Laughlin, “The ‘Strange Fire’ of Nadab and Abihu,” JBL 95 (1976): 559-65.

Stephen L. Cook






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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