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ON

(Heb. ʾôn; Egyp. iwnw, inw)

(PLACE)

The Egyptian city Heliopolis (“city of the sun”). Located at the southern tip of the Nile Delta, On (modern Tell Hisn, in Matariyeh, a suburb NE of Cairo) was the capital of an Egyptian district and from Early Dynastic times to the Saitic dynasty the main cult center of the sun-god Re (Egyp. “pillar[-town],” from the stone fetishes, later obelisks, of the god; cf. Jer. 43:13). One pillar of Sesotris I is still standing, but the site has yielded few remains. It may be the “City of the Sun” mentioned in Isa. 19:18.

Joseph’s father-in-law Potiphera is called the priest of On (Gen. 41:50; 46:20). At Ezek. 30:17 the MT renders the name ʾāwen, “evil.”

Bibliography. M. Abd el-Gelil, M. Shaker, and D. Raue, “Recent Excavations at Helopolis,” Or 65 (1996): 136-46.

Meindert Dijkstra







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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