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TIMNATH-HERES

(Heb. timnaṯ-ḥeres),

TIMNATH-SERAH

(timnaṯ-seraḥ)

The town given to Joshua as his private inheritance (Timnath-heres, Judg. 2:9; Timnath-serah, Josh. 19:50; 24:30). Most scholars accept Timnath-heres as the original name, although there is debate over the difference between the two variants. Since Timnath-heres may mean “Portion of the Sun,” some have suggested that it was the location of a sanctuary dedicated to the sun-deity. The change to Timnath-serah may have been an attempt by later editors to remove any hint of a connection between Joshua and solar worship. More likely, seraḥ represents a deliberate metathesis of ḥeres, based on a folk etymology, with Timnath-serah meaning “leftover portion” because Joshua was given his private inheritance only after land was allotted to all the other tribes. Khirbet Tibnah (160157), ca. 24 km. (15 mi.) SW of Shechem on the southern slopes of Ephraim, is the most likely modern candidate for its location (cf. Timnath, 1 Macc. 9:50).

Wade R. Kotter






Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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