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CALNEH

(Heb. kalnēh) (also CALNO)

A city in the north of Aram-naharaim (Amos 6:2). Situated at the northern end of the Orontes, this area became a center for resisting Assyrian advance in the 8th century b.c.e. Tiglath-pileser III attacked the Urartian coalition in 743, then moved against the Neo-Hittite state of Unqi, whose capital Kullania (Calneh) was taken in 738 (recorded in Amos 6:2 as a precursor to Israel’s judgment). Royal inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III show that Samaria, Damascus, and Tyre paid tribute to Assyria in 738 (ANET, 282-84).

The reference to Calneh in Amos 6:2 (and Isa. 10:9, where it is called Calno) helps to establish a relative chronology between Calneh’s defeat in 738 and prophetic utterances after this event.

Gen. 10:10 (MT) lists Calneh as a city founded by Nimrod, presumably in southern Mesopotamia. The Hebrew text is presumed to be corrupt (cf. NRSV “and all of them,” reading wĕḵullā).

Aaron W. Park







Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible (2000)

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